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TECHNICAL DATA

Material Selection
Material: Bolt/ Nut	Temperature Range
A320B8/Gr 8	(-100°C) - (-200°C)
A320L7/Gr 4	(-46°C) - (-100°C)
A320L7/Gr 4	0°C - (-45°C)
A307	0°C - 300°C
A193 B7 /Gr 2H	300°C - 400°C
A193 B16 /Gr 4	400°C - 550°C
A193 B8 /Gr 8	550°C - 650°C
A193 B8M /Gr 8M	550°C - 650°C

High Temperature High Tension Alloy Bolt Material

ASTM A193 B7 (Cr-Mo)

This material is considered as the most suitable  for bolts to be used at temperature below 450 °C, with a minimum effect on its structural strength during application at a high temperature. The material has the following chemical properties and physical characteristics.

Chemical Properties	Range (%)
Carbon (C)	0.37 - 0.49
Manganese (Mn)	0.65 - 1.10
Phosphorus (P)	0.035 max
Sulfur (S)	0.04 max
Silicon (Si)	0.15 - 0.35
Chromium (Cr)	0.75 - 1.20
Molybdenum (Mo)	0.15 - 0.25

Mechanical Properties	2-1/2" and under	over 2-1/2" to 4.0"	over 4.0" to 7.0"
Min Tempering Temperature (F)	1100 (593C)	1100 (593C)	1100 (593C)
Min Tensile Strength (ksi)	125 (860MPa)	115 (795MPa)	100 (690MPa)
Min Yield Strength (ksi)	105 (105MPa)	95 (655MPa)	75 (515MPa)
Elongation in 4D (min %)	16	16	18
Reduction of Area (min %)	50	50	50
Max Hardness	321HB (35HRC)	321HB (35HRC)	277HB (29HRC)

ASTM A1193 B7M (Cr- Mo )

Chemical Properties	Range (%)
Carbon (C)	0.37 - 0.49
Manganese (Mn)	0.65 - 1.10
Phosphorus (P)	0.035 max
Sulfur (S)	0.04 max
Silicon (Si)	0.15 - 0.35
Chromium (Cr)	0.75 - 1.20
Molybdenum (Mo)	0.15 - 0.25

Mechanical Properties	4.0" and under	over 4.0" to 7.0"
Min Tempering Temperature (F) (final heat treatment shall be done after all machining and forming operations, including thread rolling and any type of cutting)	1150 (620C)	1150 (620C)
Min Tensile Strength (ksi)	100 (690MPa)	100 (690MPa)
Min Yield Strength (ksi)	80 (550MPa)	75 (515MPa)
Elongation in 4D (min %)	18	18
Reduction of Area (min %)	50	50
Max Hardness	235HB (99HRB)	277HB (29HRC)

ASTM A193 B16 (Cr-Mo-V)

This material is considered as the most suitable  for bolts to be used at temperature below 450 °C,even at a high  temperature range, the material has superior physical characterestics compared to ASTM A193 B7 previously mentioned. The chemical properties and physical characteristics are as follows;

Chemical Properties	Range (%)
Carbon (C)	0.36 - 0.47
Manganese (Mn)	0.45 - 0.70
Phosphorus (P)	0.035 Max
Sulfur (S)	0.04 Max
Silicon (Si)	0.15 - 0.35
Chromium (Cr)	0.80 - 1.15
Molybdenum (Mo)	0.50 - 0.65
Aluminum (Al)	0.015 Max
Vanadium (V)	0.25 - 0.35

Mechanical Properties	2-1/2" and under	over 2-1/2" to 4.0"	over 4.0" to 7.0"
Min Tempering Temperature (F)	1200 (650C)	1200 (650C)	1200 (650C)
Min Tensile Strength (ksi)	125 (860MPa)	110 (760MPa)	100 (690MPa)
Min Yield Strength (ksi)	105 (105MPa)	95 (655MPa)	85 (586MPa)
Elongation in 4D (min %)	18	17	16
Reduction of Area (min %)	50	45	45
Max Hardness	321HB (35HRC)	302HB (33HRC)	277HB (29HRC)

ASTM A193 B8 Class1, 1A and 2 (AISI 304)

Chemical Properties	Range (%)
Carbon (C)	0.08 Max
Manganese (Mn)	2.00 Max
Phosphorus (P)	0.045 Max
Sulfur (S)	0.030 Max
Silicon (Si)	1.00 Max
Chromium (Cr)	18.00 - 20.00
Nickel (Ni)	8.00 -11.00
Molybdenum (Mo)

ASTM A193 B8M Class1, 1A and 2 (AISI 316)

Chemical Properties	Range (%)
Carbon (C)	0.08 Max
Manganese (Mn)	2.00 Max
Phosphorus (P)	0.045 Max
Sulfur (S)	0.030 Max
Silicon (Si)	1.00 Max
Chromium (Cr)	16.00 - 18.00
Nickel (Ni)	10.00 -14.00
Molybdenum (Mo)	2.00 - 3.00

Mechanical Properties	Class 1: B8, B8M All diameters	Class 1A: B8A, B8MA All diameters
Heat Treatment	Carbide Solution Treated	Carbide Solution Treated in the finished condition
Min Tensile Strength (ksi)	75 (515MPa)	75 (515MPa)
Min Yield Strength (ksi)	30 (205MPa)	30 (205MPa)
Elongation in 4D (min %)	30	30
Reduction of Area (min %)	50	50
Max Hardness         3/4" and smaller	223HB (96HRB) 241HB (100HRB)	192HB (90HRC)

	B8 Class 2
Mechanical Properties	3/4" and under	over 3/4" to 1.0" included	over 3/4" to 1.0" included	over 1-1/4" to 1-1/2" included
Heat Treatment	Carbide Solution Treated and Strain Hardened	Carbide Solution Treated and Strain Hardened	Carbide Solution Treated and Strain Hardened	Carbide Solution Treated and Strain Hardened
Min Tensile Strength (ksi)	125 (860MPa)	115 (795MPa)	105 (725MPa)	100 (690MPa)
Min Yield Strength (ksi)	100 (690MPa)	80 (550MPa)	65 (450MPa)	50 (345MPa)
Elongation in 4D (min %)	12	15	20	28
Reduction of Area (min %)	35	35	35	45
Max Hardness	321HB (35HRC)	321HB (35HRC)	321HB (35HRC)	321HB (35HRC)

	B8M Class 2
Mechanical Properties	3/4" and under	over 3/4" to 1.0" included	over 3/4" to 1.0" included	over 1-1/4" to 1-1/2" included
Heat Treatment	Carbide Solution Treated and Strain Hardened	Carbide Solution Treated and Strain Hardened	Carbide Solution Treated and Strain Hardened	Carbide Solution Treated and Strain Hardened
Min Tensile Strength (ksi)	110 (760MPa)	100 (690MPa)	95 (655MPa)	90 (620MPa)
Min Yield Strength (ksi)	95 (655MPa)	80 (550MPa)	65 (450MPa)	50 (345MPa)
Elongation in 4D (min %)	15	20	25	30
Reduction of Area (min %)	45	45	45	45
Max Hardness	321HB (35HRC)	321HB (35HRC)	321HB (35HRC)	321HB (35HRC)

Low-Temperature Alloy Steel Bolt Material

ASTM A320-L7, L7M (Cr-Mo)

This material is considered as the most suitable  for bolts to be used at temperature 0-(-100 °C). The chemical properties and physical characteristics are as follows:

Chemical Properties	Range (%)
Carbon (C)	0.38 - 0.48
Manganese (Mn)	0.75 - 1.00
Phosphorus (P)	0.035 max
Sulfur (S)	0.04 max
Silicon (Si)	0.15 - 0.35
Chromium (Cr)	0.80 - 1.10
Molybdenum (Mo)	0.15 - 0.25

Mechanical Properties	L7 2-1/2" and under	L7M
Min Tempering Temperature (F)	1100 (593C)	1150 (620C)
Min Tensile Strength (ksi)	125 (860MPa)	100 (690MPa)
Min Yield Strength (ksi)	105 (725MPa)	80 (550MPa)
Elongation in 4D (min %)	16	18
Reduction of Area (min %)	50	50
Max Hardness	277 - 321HB	235HB or 99HRB
	for referecence
Minimum Impact Value ft-lb (J) (Average of three specimen)	20 (27)
Minimum Impact Value ft-lb (J) (Specimen of a set)	15 (20)

ASTM A320 B8 (18Cr-8Ni)

This material is considered as the most suitable for bolts and nuts to be used at temperatures (-)100-(-)200 °C. The chemical properties are as follows:

Chemical Properties	B8 Range (%)	B8M Range (%)
Carbon (C)	0.08 max	0.08 max
Manganese (Mn)	2.00 max	2.00 max
Phosphorus (P)	0.045 max	0.045 max
Sulfur (S)	0.30 max	0.30 max
Silicon (Si)	1.00 max	1.00 max
Chromium (Cr)	18.00 - 20.00	16.00 - 18.00
Nickel (Ni)	8.00 - 10.50	10.00 - 14.00
Molybdenum (Mo)		2.00 - 3.00

Nut Material

ASTM A194

This is the material for bolts made from ASTM A-193 B7, considered to be used with suitable heat treatment. The chemical properties and physical properties are as follows:

Chemical Properties	2H/2HM Range (%)	4 Range (%)	7/7M Range (%)	8/8A Range (%)	8M/8MA Range (%)
Carbon (C)	0.40 min	0.04 - 0.05	0.37 - 0.49	0.08	0.08
Manganese (Mn)	1.00	0.70 - 0.90	0.65 - 1.10	2.00	2.00
Phosphorus (P)	0.04	0.035	0.035	0.045	0.045
Sulfur (S)	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.03
Silicon (Si)	0.40	0.15 - 0.35	0.15 - 0.35	1.00	1.00
Chromium (Cr)			0.75 - 1.20	18.0 - 20.0	16.0 - 18.0
Nickel (Ni)				8.0 - 11.0	10.0 - 14.0
Molybdenum (Mo)		0.20 - 0.30	0.15 - 0.25

	Hardness Requirement
Mechanical Properties	Brinell	Rockwell-C Scale	Rockwell-B Scale
2H (To 1-1/2" incl)	248 - 327	24 - 35
2H (Over 1-1/2")	212 - 327	35 max	95 min
2HM/7M	159 - 235		84 - 99
4 and 7	248 - 327	24 - 35
8/8M	126 - 300		60 - 105
8A/8MA	126 - 192		60 - 90

ASTM A307

This material is suitable in structural application where nominal strength along with weldability is required.

Chemical Properties	Range (%)
Carbon (C)	0.29
Manganese (Mn)	1.2
Phosphorus (P)	0.04
Sulfur (S)
Gr. A	0.15
Gr. B	0.05

Mechanical Properties	Gr. A	Gr. B
Min Tempering Temperature (F)
Min Tensile Strength (ksi)	60 (415)	60 - 100
Min Yield Strength (ksi)
Elongation in 4D (min %)	18	18
Reduction of Area (min %)
Max Hardness	121 - 241HB	121 - 212HB